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Vliv vodních nádrží v povodí na odtokové charakteristiky při srážko-odtokových událostech
HOŘEJŠÍ, Štěpán
This bachelor thesis, written as literary research, is focused on one of the most im-portant functions of water reservoirs - water retention. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to show the way water bodies are able to affect the hydrograph during rain-fall-runoff events. The first part of the thesis is focused on water categorization and the hydrological cycle. The next part comprises a detailed description of water res-ervoirs. This includes a list of their key functions and specific types. The history of water reservoirs is also mentioned. The third part is reserved for rainfall-runoff events. Finally, factors affecting water runoff are discussed, followed by an expla-nation of how water bodies affect water regimes. In the end, the influence of water reservoirs on the size and shape of the hydrograph during rainfall-runoff events is described.
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Research methods of precipitation spatial and temporal distribution, their using and results in the Czech Republic
JINDROVÁ, Eliška
This bachelor thesis has the character of a literature research, deals with the topic of temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation and methods of their evaluation. It begins with a description of the formation of precipitation and their division. The next chapter is devoted to the factors that affect the distribution of precipitation and the course of precipitation. Following with a description of ground and distance methods of measuring precipitation. This thesis also deals with the analysis of time series and description of methods of spatial distribution of precipitation. With the help of expert articles and studies from the Czech Republic, several examples of different precipitation distributions are presented. At conclusion of this thesis is a comparison of the results of different methods.
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Short-term precipitation amounts
Dragula, Adam ; Holtanová, Eva (advisor) ; Kliegrová, Stanislava (referee)
Title: Short-term precipitation amounts Author: Adam Dragula Department: Department of Atmospheric Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Eva Holtanová, Ph.D., Department of Atmospheric Physics Abstract: The main object of this thesis is an analysis of short-term precipitation amounts with emphasis on transition period between pluviometer and automatic rain gauge. For the analysis, we were given data by Czech hydrometeorological institute, which contain precipitation amounts measured by pluviometer of 10 minutes term and precipitation amounts measured by automatic rain gauges of 10 and 15 minutes terms for four climatic stations. A summary of basic knowledge of measurement of precipitation and methodology of detection of inhomogenities in climatic time series is the point of the first part of the thesis. The aim of data analysis is to analyze basic characteristics of statistical distribution of precipitation amounts on a scale of days, hours and finally 10 or 15 minutes terms . A comparison of the distribution is carried out firstly in the transition period, where measurements of pluviometer and automatic rain gauge have an overlap, then two separate periods before and after automation are being compared. The main outcome of the thesis is a description of a possible cause of an inhomogenity caused by a change of...
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Errors and corrections of atmospheric precipitations measurements
Ptáček, Tomáš
The thesis approaches the problem of systematic errors that arise in measuring precipitation. These errors lead to underestimation of total rainfall. Size of losses can reach in our latitudes even tens of percent. The systematic errors that contribute most to the underestimation include losses caused by the rain gauge walls wetting, evaporation losses and losses due to aerodynamic effects on the rain gauge precipitation particles. A major section of the thesis is formed by background research, which deals with the issue of systematic measurement errors precipitation. The background research tackles the lack of literature on this topic in the Czech Republic. In the research section of the thesis, two existing correction methods for estimating the size of systematic errors for the Czechoslovak manual rain gauge Metra (method developed in the 80's by Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute and the method described by the dissertation thesis Radoslav Tihlárik) were applied to data of selected four stations in the Czech Republic (Milešovka, Bedřichov - Přehrada, Čáslav - Nové Město and Svratouch) . The first mentioned method was applied to all stations in the Slovak Republic in the nineties. Nevertheless, it has not been used in the Czech Republic so far. The results show that the Tihlárik method gives...
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Short-term precipitation amounts
Dragula, Adam ; Holtanová, Eva (advisor) ; Kliegrová, Stanislava (referee)
Title: Short-term precipitation amounts Author: Adam Dragula Department: Department of Atmospheric Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Eva Holtanová, Ph.D., Department of Atmospheric Physics Abstract: The main object of this thesis is an analysis of short-term precipitation amounts with emphasis on transition period between pluviometer and automatic rain gauge. For the analysis, we were given data by Czech hydrometeorological institute, which contain precipitation amounts measured by pluviometer of 10 minutes term and precipitation amounts measured by automatic rain gauges of 10 and 15 minutes terms for four climatic stations. A summary of basic knowledge of measurement of precipitation and methodology of detection of inhomogenities in climatic time series is the point of the first part of the thesis. The aim of data analysis is to analyze basic characteristics of statistical distribution of precipitation amounts on a scale of days, hours and finally 10 or 15 minutes terms . A comparison of the distribution is carried out firstly in the transition period, where measurements of pluviometer and automatic rain gauge have an overlap, then two separate periods before and after automation are being compared. The main outcome of the thesis is a description of a possible cause of an inhomogenity caused by a change of...
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Climate continentality with regard to radiational and circulational factors
Janušková, Miriam ; Sládek, Ivan (advisor) ; Míková, Taťána (referee)
This thesis' topics are measurements of climate's continentality and evaluations of relations between various indexes of thermic and ombric continentalities. All indexes are plotted on continentality maps of Europe created using the ArcGIS application. Important part of the thesis consists of practical validation of relevancy of the new method for measuring degree of continentality based on research of phase shift (delay) of annual temperature diagram in relation to the sum of extraterrestrial radiation. This thesis deals mainly with the proof of closest relation between newly purposed index of thermic continentality and the pre-existing ombric indexes in comparison to the indexes of thermic continentality currently in use. Furthermore the thesis dwells into explanations of causes for territorial differences in new continentality index values related to circulatory and radiatory ratios of the Indian summer subseason. By examining the newly purposed index of thermic continentality in various latitudes it was determined that this method for measuring continentality is not applicable for several areas of subtropical zone where the temperature diagram is not majorly effected by solar radiation but instead by other factors. Therefore the results of this thesis include cartographic representation of the...
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Errors and corrections of atmospheric precipitations measurements
Ptáček, Tomáš
The thesis approaches the problem of systematic errors that arise in measuring precipitation. These errors lead to underestimation of total rainfall. Size of losses can reach in our latitudes even tens of percent. The systematic errors that contribute most to the underestimation include losses caused by the rain gauge walls wetting, evaporation losses and losses due to aerodynamic effects on the rain gauge precipitation particles. A major section of the thesis is formed by background research, which deals with the issue of systematic measurement errors precipitation. The background research tackles the lack of literature on this topic in the Czech Republic. In the research section of the thesis, two existing correction methods for estimating the size of systematic errors for the Czechoslovak manual rain gauge Metra (method developed in the 80's by Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute and the method described by the dissertation thesis Radoslav Tihlárik) were applied to data of selected four stations in the Czech Republic (Milešovka, Bedřichov - Přehrada, Čáslav - Nové Město and Svratouch) . The first mentioned method was applied to all stations in the Slovak Republic in the nineties. Nevertheless, it has not been used in the Czech Republic so far. The results show that the Tihlárik method gives...
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Duration of faling precipitations, fog and mist as factor influencing the timing of vacances
Kothan, Filip ; Sládek, Ivan (advisor) ; Lhotka, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this paper is to determine suitable term of summer holidays. It should be as long as current holidays in Czech republic, it means 62 days. The paper builds on the bachelor's thesis titled "Optimal timing of summer vacances with regard to climate". The convenient term has been evaluated on basis of characteristics of air temperature, duration of sunshine and the length of day there in the bachelor's thesis. This paper contains the analysis of duration of rain, showers, drizzle, fog and mist. Thus, several terms have been found in both papers. But these are suitable with regard to only one meteorological element or phenomenon. The summer holidays should undoubtedly provide days with the best possible values of more meteorological elements. So the final term was calculated as mean and weighted mean of several dates of the beginning of holidays with the highest values of daily average air temperature, length of day and with the shortest total duration of the complex of rain, showers and drizzle and the complex of fog and mist. The weights of individual elements have been determined in two ways, so we have obtained three terms of holidays: two as result of the weighted mean and one as result of the mean. The best periods for holidays, determined by the weighted mean, are 11th June - 11th...
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Errors and corrections of atmospheric precipitations measurements
Ptáček, Tomáš ; Sládek, Ivan (advisor) ; Kliegrová, Stanislava (referee)
The thesis approaches the problem of systematic errors that arise in measuring precipitation. These errors lead to underestimation of total rainfall. Size of losses can reach in our latitudes even tens of percent. The systematic errors that contribute most to the underestimation include losses caused by the rain gauge walls wetting, evaporation losses and losses due to aerodynamic effects on the rain gauge precipitation particles. A major section of the thesis is formed by background research, which deals with the issue of systematic measurement errors precipitation. The background research tackles the lack of literature on this topic in the Czech Republic. In the research section of the thesis, two existing correction methods for estimating the size of systematic errors for the Czechoslovak manual rain gauge Metra (method developed in the 80's by Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute and the method described by the dissertation thesis Radoslav Tihlárik) were applied to data of selected four stations in the Czech Republic (Milešovka, Bedřichov - Přehrada, Čáslav - Nové Město and Svratouch) . The first mentioned method was applied to all stations in the Slovak Republic in the nineties. Nevertheless, it has not been used in the Czech Republic so far. The results show that the Tihlárik method gives...
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